Advances in genetic engineering, chemistry and systems biology make it possible to monitor, control and improve the function of cell implants, animals and even humans. This creates opportunities to design molecular systems that can be of great benefit to health, environmental technologies or the chemical industry.

Leading scientists from the UK and Switzerland were present at the event, complemented by showcase presentations by young researchers. The panel discussion brought together scientists and ethics experts from the UK, Switzerland and the Vatican to discuss what is currently possible, what consequences there might be and how we can address the ethical challenges involved.